SOLDERING

  Soldering is a process in which two or more items (usually metal) are joined together by melting and putting a filler metal (solder) into the joint, the filler metal having a lower melting point (below 450°C) than the adjoining metal. Soldering differs from welding in that soldering does not involve melting the work pieces.

HOT CRACKS & COLD CRACKS

A line on the surface of METAL or WELDED REGION along which it has split without breaking into separate parts. Crack is consider as most severe defect among  WELD DEFECTS. This presentation is define and explain  the types of cracks, crack promoting factors .

FRACTURE TOUGHNESS TESTING

                                                    FRACTURE TOUGHNESS TESTING

 Fracture toughness is a quantitative way of expressing a material's resistance to brittle fracture when a crack is present. This presentation gives the detail about how to calculate the fracture toughness.

CREEP

                                                              CREEP
   Creep is the tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses.Creep is more severe in materials that are subjected to heat for long periods, and generally increases as they near their melting point.